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The Tueller Drill
is a self-defense
training exercise to prepare against a short-range knife attack when armed only
with a holstered handgun.
Sergeant
Dennis Tueller, of the Salt Lake
City, Utah Police
Department wondered how quickly an attacker with a knife could cover 21 feet
(6.4 m), so he timed volunteers as they raced to stab the target. He
determined that it could be done in 1.5 seconds. These results were first
published as an article in SWAT magazine
in 1983 and in a police training video by the same title, "How Close is
Too Close?"[1]
A defender with a gun has a dilemma. If he shoots too early,
he risks being charged with murder.
If he waits until the attacker is definitely within striking range so there is
no question about motives,
he risks injury and even death. The Tueller experiments quantified a
"danger zone" where an attacker presented a clear threat.[2]
The Tueller Drill combines both parts of the original time
trials by Tueller. There are several ways it can be conducted:[3]
1.
The "attacker and shooter are positioned
back-to-back. At the signal, the attacker sprints away from the shooter, and
the shooter unholsters his gun and shoots at the target 21 feet (6.4 m) in
front of him. The attacker stops as soon as the shot is fired. The shooter is
successful only if his shot is good and if the runner did not cover 21 feet
(6.4 m).
2.
A more stressful arrangement is to have the
attacker begin 21 feet (6.4 m) behind the shooter and run towards the
shooter. The shooter is successful only if he was able take a good shot before
he is tapped on the back by the attacker.
3. If
the shooter is armed with only a training replica gun, a full-contact drill may
be done with the attacker running towards the shooter. In this variation, the
shooter should practice side-stepping the attacker while he is drawing the gun.
Mythbusters
covered the drill in the 2012 episode "Duel Dilemmas". At 20 feet the
gun wielder was able to shoot the charging knife attacker just as he reached
the shooter. At shorter distances the knife wielder was always able to stab
prior to being shot.[4]
Notes
2.
Ayoob, Massad (October
1991), "Explaining
the deadly force decision: the opportunity factor", Shooting Industry